European Journal of Health Research

Diet quality and nutrition knowledge of in-school adolescents in private and public schools at Odeda local government area

2025-10-13T18:35:11+00:00

Introduction: Adolescence is a critical developmental stage where nutrition plays a vital role in growth and long-term health. Despite this, many adolescents fail to meet dietary recommendations, resulting in poor diet quality and increased risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases.

Objective: To examine the associations between diet quality and nutrition knowledge among in-school adolescents in private and public schools in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria..

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 402 adolescents aged 13–17 years selected through multi-stage random sampling from two public and two private schools. Dietary intake was assessed using the Global Diet Quality Project tool, while nutrition knowledge was measured with a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple regression at p < 0.05 significance level.

Results: The mean age of respondents was 15.24 ± 1.03 years, with females comprising 65.2%. While 56.5% of adolescents had adequate dietary diversity, 84.8% fell below global dietary recommendations. Nutrition knowledge was moderate in 73.6%, good in 15.4%, and poor in 10.9%. Private school students had significantly higher nutrition knowledge (p = 0.001), though no significant differences were found in dietary diversity or adherence to dietary recommendations between school types. Multiple regression revealed that household position (p = 0.001) and number of siblings (p = 0.025) significantly predicted dietary diversity, while gender (p = 0.014) and maternal education (p = 0.020) predicted adherence to global dietary recommendations.

Conclusion: Adolescents in Odeda LGA showed moderate dietary diversity but poor adherence to global dietary recommendations. While private school students demonstrated slightly better nutrition knowledge, overall diet quality was inadequate. These associations, given the cross-sectional design, should be interpreted with caution. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to better understand and address adolescent dietary behaviors.

Fibrinogen concentration correlates with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2025-01-22T05:44:36+00:00

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients and elevated fibrinogen concentration has been described as an important risk factor. Objective: to determine the plasma concentration of fibrinogen and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with DM2. Materials and methods: An observational, non-experimental, correlational, cross-sectional, cross-sectional research was conducted between November 2023 and August 2024. We selected 120 participants of both sexes diagnosed with DM2 who attended the Internal Medicine office of the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba, Ecuador (90 patients with DM2 and 30 controls). Subjects with a diagnosis of DM2 were divided into three groups according to their HbA1c levels: group 1 (HbA 1c <6.5 %), group 2 (≥ 6.5% <10.0 %), and group 3 (HbA1c ≥ 10.0 %). Blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and plasma fibrinogen were evaluated. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between subjects with DM2 and controls regarding age, BMI, serum glucose concentration, and triacylglycerides (p<0.05). Patients with DM2 showed higher mean plasma levels of fibrinogen than controls (P<0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between fibrinogen and HbA1c (r=0.8380, P<0.0001). Conclusion: The correlation observed between fibrinogen concentration and HbA1c levels in the subjects with DM2 evaluated in this investigation, together with the increase in triacylglyceride concentration, supports the value of these markers for the early prediction of the main complications observed in diabetes, such as vascular dysfunction, the development of atherosclerosis and consequent cardiovascular damage.

Retraction: Biogenic amines as a diagnostic biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases

2025-01-18T02:45:21+00:00

Title: Aminas Biógenas como biomarcador diagnóstico en enfermedades inflamatorias intestinalis [Aminas Biógenas como biomarcador diagnóstico en enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales]

Authors: Juan A. López-Ayala, María Virtudes López-Ayala, Pablo Navarro-Hernández, Manuel Sánchez-Fernández.

Indexing information: European Journal of Health Research - 2015, Vol. 1, Nº 3 (Págs.79-94)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30552/ejhr.v1i3.7