Dolor crónico y su relación con el bienestar psicológico: El rol protector de la inteligencia emocional percibida
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Resumen
El dolor crónico engloba a cualquier afección o patología que incluya el padecimiento de dolor por un tiempo no menor a tres meses que afecte en el ámbito personal, laboral y familiar. El bienestar psicológico es uno de los aspectos más afectados en las personas que padecen dolor crónico, y el desarrollo de una buena inteligencia emocional puede ser un factor protector de este bienestar. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo comprobar si existen diferencias en el bienestar psicológico y la inteligencia emocional percibida entre estudiantes universitarios con dolor crónico y sin patologías, así como analizar si la inteligencia emocional percibida puede explicar la variabilidad en el bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes con dolor crónico. Participaron 101 personas en el estudio (edad media = 23 años; DE = 4,6), 53 con dolor crónico y 48 sin patologías previas. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional en el que los participantes tuvieron que completar una encuesta de forma voluntaria. Los resultados mostraron diferencias en la autoaceptación y el propósito en la vida del bienestar psicológico y en la reparación emocional de la inteligencia emocional percibida. Además, se encontró una relación lineal positiva entre reparación emocional y las puntuaciones autoaceptación, el propósito en la vida y el dominio del entorno en los participantes con dolor crónico. El presente estudio pone de manifiesto la importancia del entrenamiento de la inteligencia emocional en las personas con dolor crónico para el desarrollo del bienestar psicológico.
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