Trigeminal Neuralgy
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objective of this review was to present information on the main causes, possible treatments and morpho-quantitative aspects of trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by intense facial pain, severe throbbing or stabbing; it is usually unilateral and recurrent and is located in the facial area innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The causes of this disease are varied and include neurovascular compression stresses. Medical treatment of choice is carbamazepine, reserving surgical treatment for cases resistant to medical therapy or cases when side effects of drugs used, outweigh the risks and disadvantages of surgery. In this context a detailed knowledge of the structure of the trigeminal nerve and its morphoquantitative characteristics could provide relevant information to make type of treatment more effective.
References
Broggi, G.; Ferroli, P.; Franzini, A.; Ser vello, D. & Dones, I. Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: comments on a series of 250 cases, including 10 patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 68:59-64, 2000.
Cetkovic, M. & Antunovic, V. & Marinkovic, S. & Todorovic, V. & Vitosevic, Z. & Milisavljevic, M. Vasculature and neurovascular relationshipsof the trigeminal nerve root. Acta Neurochir., 153:1051- 7, 2011.
Chan, L. L & Wong, Z. W. Trigeminal neuralgia: should MRI be done routinely? Aust NZ. J. Med., 28:827- 9, 1998.
Cruccu, G.; Leandri, M.; Feliciani, M. & Manfredi, M. Idiopathic and symptomatic trigeminal pain. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 53:1034-42, 1090.
Eppley, B. L. & Snyders Jr, R. V. Microanatomic analysis of the trigeminal nerve and potential nerve graft donor sites. J. Oral Maxillof. Surg., 49(6):612-8, 1991.
Ezure, H.; Goto, N.; Nonaka, N.; Goto, J. & Tani, H. Morphometric analysis of the human trigeminal nerve. Okajimas folia anatomica Japonica, 78(2- 3):49-53, 2001.
Fujii, M. & Goto, N. Nerve fiber analysis of the facial nerve. Ann Oto Rhino Laryngol., 8:732-5, 1989.
Fujii, M.; Goto, N. & Kikuchi, K. Nerve fiber analysis and the aging process of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Ann Oto Rhino Laryngol., 9:863-70, 1990.
Delgado-Carlo, M. M; Tamayo-Valenzuela, A. C.; López-Martínez, J. A.; Cardona-Cordero, A. L.; Granja-Posadas, E. & Guevara-López; U. Tratamiento algológico de neuralgia del trigémino. Experiencia de 15 años. Cir. Ciruj., 74:83-8, 2006.
Devor, M.; Ruthgovrin-Lippmann & Harryrappaport. Mechanism of trigeminal neuralgia: an ultrastructural analysis of trigeminal root specimens obtained during microvascular decompression surgery. J. Neurosurg., 96:532- 43, 2002.
Dinatale, E. Neuralgia sintomática de la tercera rama del trigémino asociada a odontoma compuesto. reporte de un caso. Acta odontológica, Venezuela. 41(3), 2003.
Fromm, G. H.; Terrence, C. F. & Maroon, J. C. Trigeminal neuralgia. Current concepts regarding etiology and pathogenesis. Arch. Neurol., 41(11):1204-7, 1984.
González-Escalada, J. R.; Rodríguez, M. J.; Camba, M. J.; Portolés, A. & López, R. Recomendaciones para el tratamiento del dolor neuropático. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor, 16(8):445-67, 2009.
Hernández-Santos, J. R.; Plancarte, R.; Oliva, S. & Durán, J. Bloqueo de ganglio de Gasser con glicerol versusfenol intragasseriano para neuralgia trigeminal. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor, 6:269-76, 1999.
Hirota, N.; Fujimoto, M. & Fukushima, Y. Isolated trigeminal nerve metastases from breast cancer: an unusual case of trigeminal mononeuropathy. Surg. Neurol., 49:558-61, 1998.
López G. E.; Salazar, J. I. & Osuna, E. Descripción anatómica, fisiológica y embriológica del nervio trigémino en el marco conceptual de la terapia neural, como sustrato frecuente de campo interferente. N O V A, 10(17): 83-100, 2012.
Klun, B. & Prestor, B. Microvascular relations of the trigeminal nerve: an anatomical study. Neurosurg., 19(4):535-9, 1986.
Mandiola, E; Del Sol, M.; Olave, E.; Prates, J. C. Relaciones anatómicas de la arteria cerebelar superior con el nervio trigémino. Rev. chil. Anat., 12(4):141-6, 1994.
Mandiola, E.; Olave, E. & Alarcón, E. Relaciones anatómicas entre la arteria cerebelar anterior inferior y el nervio trigémino. Rev. Chil. Anat., 20(3):291-4, 2002.
Marinkovic, S.; Gibo, H.; Todorovic, V.; Antic, B.; Kovacevic, D.; Milisavljevic, M. & Cetkovic, M. Ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry of the trigeminal peripheral myelinated axons in patients with neuralgia. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg., 111(10):795-800, 2009.
Martorell, L.; García, B. & Peñarrocha. M. d Actualización en el tratamiento del dolor orofacial. Med. Oral, 9:293-9, 2004.
Meaney, J. F. M. ; Watt, J. W. G.; Eldridge, P. R.; Whitehouse, G. H. , Wells, J. C. D. & Miles, J. B. Association between trigeminal neuralgia and multiple sclerosis: role of magnetic resonance Imaging. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 59:253- 9, 1995.
Mittal, B. & Thomas, D. Controlled thermocoagulation trigeminal neuralgia, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 49:932-6, 1986.
Pennisi, E.; Cruccu, G.; Manfredi, M. & Palladini, G. Histometric study of myelinated fibers in the human trigeminalnerve. J. Neurol. Sci., 105(1): 22-8, 1991.
Quijano, A. L.; Montes, M. J. & Retamoso, I. Tratamiento del dolor neuropático. Arch. Med. Interna., 32(1):17-21, 2010.
Rusu, M. C.; Ivascu, R. V; Paduraru, D. & Podoleanu, L. Typical and atypical neurovascular relations of the trigeminal nerve in the cerebellopontine angle: an anatomical study. Surg. Radiol. Anat., 31:507- 16, 2009.
Robaina, F. G. Trigeminal neuralgia. A Review of the medical a surgical management. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor, 4:248-56, 2008.
Rohrer, D.; Burchiel, K. Trigeminal Neuralgia and Other Trigeminal Dysfunction Syndromes. Neurosurgical Topics. A.A.N. S. Publications Comitee. Chapter 7. 1994.
Sandoval-Balanzario, M. A.; López-Ortega, S. J.; Maldonado-León, J. A. & Sandoval-Olivares; L. Tratamiento quirúrgico de la neuralgia del nervio trigémino. Gac. Méd. Méx.,140(4), 2004.
Schneeberger, L. D. C.; Suazo, G. I. C.; Cantín, L. M.; Muñoz, C. R. M. Neuralgia del trigémino secundaria a un meningioma en el ligamento petroclinoideo: Reporte de un caso. Int. J. Odontostomat., 1(2):157-9, 2007.
Whizar-Lugo, V.; Carrada-Pérez, S.; Segovia-García, C. & Cisneros-Corral, R. Neurólisis del trigémino bajo control tomográfico en un paciente de alto riesgo. Informe de un caso. Rev. Mex. Anest., 22(1):43-8, 1999.
Wolford, L. M & Stevao, E. L. Considerations in nerve repair. Bumc Proceedings, 16:152-6, 2003.