Ansiedad, depresión, estrés laboral y flexibilidad psicológica en enfermeras: un estudio correlacional-comparativo
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La enfermería está expuesta a una variedad de estrés laboral afectando a su salud mental y productividad laboral. Se ha demostrado que la flexibilidad psicológica tiene beneficios para la salud mental de la población general. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar en el personal de enfermería la relación entre estresores laborales y flexibilidad psicológica; entre sintomatología emocional y flexibilidad psicológica; y las diferencias en la exposición a estresores y en la sintomatología emocional de la enfermería entre diferentes áreas de trabajo y turnos. En este estudio correlacional comparativo se usaron los cuestionarios NSS, DASS-21 y AAQ-II. La prevalencia de niveles de moderado-a muy severo de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fueron 17.6%, 29.9% y 23.3%, respectivamente. Se observó una correlación significativa negativa entre los estresores laborales y la flexibilidad psicológica; entre el estrés laboral y flexibilidad psicológica; entre sintomatología emocional y flexibilidad psicológica; entre ansiedad, estrés y la edad; y entre los estresores laborales y la edad. Las enfermeras que trabajaban con turnos rotatorios declararon niveles significativamente mayores de sintomatología emocional, estrés y ansiedad que las que trabajaban en turnos diurnos. La flexibilidad psicológica parece explicar una prevalencia significativa de sintomatología emocional en enfermería. Las enfermeras comunitarias mostraron los niveles más bajos de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en comparación con las enfermeras de hospital.
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