Cadenas de suministro para especies frutales en Latinoamérica y el Caribe: una revisión de alcance
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La fruticultura es una actividad económica en constante ascenso. A pesar del incremento en la producción mundial de frutas, su disponibilidad ha sido insuficiente. En este contexto, la eficiencia en las cadenas de suministro desempeña un papel crucial. Estas abarcan aspectos fundamentales como la seguridad alimentaria, la reducción del desperdicio, la garantía de la frescura de los alimentos, la optimización de la producción y la logística, entre otros. La ausencia de información consolidada sobre el funcionamiento de estas cadenas de suministro en Latinoamérica y el Caribe dificultan la toma de decisiones. Con este estudio se busca suplir la necesidad de información, así como generar un soporte bibliográfico que derive en futuras investigaciones. Se determinó como objetivo documentar el estado del arte actual sobre las cadenas de suministro para especies frutales en LAC, por medio de una revisión de alcance realizada en bases de datos reconocidas como Scopus, Elsevier y SciELO. Como resultado del estudio, se observó que la mayoría de los estudios se concentran en Brasil y Colombia. Además, se encontró que las especies de banano y aguacate predominaron en las investigaciones analizadas. Se observó además que la búsqueda de sostenibilidad es una preocupación frecuente, tanto como el estudio de las causas y posibles estrategias de reducción de las pérdidas, también el análisis de los indicadores de gestión y del componente estratégico. Se motivan investigaciones futuras para profundizar en el conocimiento de la operatividad al interior de las cadenas de suministro en LAC.
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