Differentiated thyroid cancer clinical trends in Quito, Ecuador
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The publication is free and its contents are distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The rights of the works published in this journal are property of the author and they are free to distribute and disseminate the same sources as long as he correctly cites the font of publication, these acts are not for commercial purposes and no derivative works are generated.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. Thyroid cancer is currently the first most common cancer in women in Ecuador. This study aimed to assess the changes in clinical presentation and diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer at a third level hospital in Quito, Ecuador.
Methods and Materials. The study was a retrospective case series performed in three consecutive periods from 1990 to 2019 at a tertiary level hospital, Quito Ecuador, where the clinical records of 875 patients who had been diagnosed and surgically treated for differentiated thyroid cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and pathological data were collected and analyzed.
Results. Significant trends toward older age, higher educational level, less palpable primary tumors, less palpable neck nodes, less DM, more ultrasound, CT and cytology exams, smaller primary tumors, more stage I patients, and more histological variant description, were found.
Conclusion. The thyroid cancer incidence in Ecuador has not only steadily increased but also the clinical presentation, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have significantly changed over the last three decades.
References
Al-Qurayshi Z et al. (2020) A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma in the US. J Am Coll Surg, 230(4)484-493. https://editions.mydigitalpublication.com/publication/?m=58847&i=655550&p=146
Amin MB et al. (2017) The AJCC Cancer Staging Manual 8th ed. Switzerland, Springer, p.881-898. https://www.amazon.com/-/es/Mahul-B-Amin-ebook/dp/B07H53RZ3S
Benbassat CA et al (2006) Clinicopathological Characteristics and Long-Term Outcome in Patients with Distant Metastases from Diffentiated Thyroid Cancer. World J Surg, 30:1088-1095. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-005-0472-4
Cibas ES et al. (2009) The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Am J Clin Pathol,132:658-665 DOI: 10.1309/AJCPPHLWMI3JV4LA.
Corral-Cordero F et al. (2018) Trends in cancer incidence and mortality over three decades in Quito – Ecuador. Colombia Médica, 49(1):35-41. DOI: 10.25100/cm.v49i1.3785
Cueva P et al. (2019) Cancer Epidemiology in Quito. National Cancer Registry. Quito: Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cancer SOLCA. Quito, p86-90. http://www.iacr.com.fr/index.php?option=com_comprofiler&task=userProfile&user=878&
Da Mota Borges AK et al. (2017) Thyroid Cancer Incidences From Selected South America Population-Based Cancer Registries: An Age-Period-Cohort Study. J Glob Oncol. 2018; 4: JGO.17.00024. Published online 2017 Aug 21. doi: 10.1200/JGO.17.00024
Gan, T et al. (2019) Risk of Recurrence in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Comparison of the 7th and 8th Editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Systems. Ann Surg Oncol, 26:2703–2710. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07275-1
Haugen BR et al. (2016) 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer THYROID, 26(1), 1-133. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0628
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Cancer Today. https://gco.iarc.fr/today/online-analysis-table?v=2018&mode=cancer&mode_population=continents&population=900&populations=900&key=asr&sex=0&cancer=39&type=0&statistic=5&prevalence=0&population_group=0&ages_group%5B%5D=0&ages_group%5B%5D=17&group_cancer=1&include_nmsc=1&include_nmsc_other=1 Accessed August 1,2020.
Ito Y et al. (2018) Overall Survival of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Single-Institution Long-Term Follow-Up of 5897 Patients. World J Surg, 42:615–622. doi: 10.1007/s00268-018-4479-z.
Jegerlehner S et al. (2017) Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of thyroid cancer: A population-based temporal trend study. PLoS ONE 12(6): e0179387. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179387
Lim H et al. (2017) Trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1974e2013. JAMA, 317:1338-1348. doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0315
Lin JD et al (2018) The efficacy of radioactive iodine for the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancer with distant metastasis. Nucl Med Commun, 39(12):1091-1096. doi: 10.1097/MNM.0000000000000897
Morris LGT et al. (2016) Changing Trends in the Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, 142(7):709-710. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.0230
Murray S et al. (2013) Synchronous and Antecedent Nonthyroidal Malignancies in patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Am Coll Surg 2013;216:1174-1180. DOI:htttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.02.007
Nixon IJ et al. (2016) Defining a Valid Age Cutoff in Staging of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol, 23:410-415. doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0315
Powers AE et al. (2019) Changes in Trends in Thyroid Cancer Incidence in the United States, 1992 to 2016. JAMA, 322(24): 2440–2441. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.18528
Salazar-Vega J et al. (2019) Thyroid Cancer in Ecuador, a 16 years population-based analysis (2001–2016). BMC Cancer, 19:294. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5485-8
Sierra MS et al. (2016) Cancer patterns and trends in Central and South America. Cancer Epidemiol 44S S23–S42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2016.07.013
van Velsen EFS et al (2020) Evaluation of the 2015 ATA Guidelines in Patients with Distant Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 105 (3):1-9. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgz137