Epilepsy and ADHD
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The publication is free and its contents are distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The rights of the works published in this journal are property of the author and they are free to distribute and disseminate the same sources as long as he correctly cites the font of publication, these acts are not for commercial purposes and no derivative works are generated.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Epilepsy encompasses a set of heterogeneous seizure disorders, with various clinical characteristics that exclude a unique etiological mechanism. Individuals with this disease have a significantly higher rate for the development of psychiatric and neurological conditions. Children with epilepsy have two to three times increased risk of developing ADHD when compared to healthy individuals, while one in five epileptic adults have ADHD symptoms. In children with epilepsy, the severity and frequency of seizures and an earlier age at the onset of seizures are common risk factors for ADHD. A narrative review of the literature was carried out and articles published in the period between 2003 and 2021 in digital databases of the health area (LILACS, Medline, Web of Science, SciELO and PubMed) were selected. The review showed that epilepsy can increase the risk of developing ADHD in children, and that benign rolandic epilepsy is the most diagnosed type in these children, which even has a high rate of neurobehavioral disorders with associated ADHD symptoms. Early diagnosis and appropriate management lead to a better prognosis in this group of patients.
References
Ahmed, G. K., Darwish, A. M., Khalifa, H., & Khashbah, M. A. (2021). Evaluation of psychiatric comorbidity in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with epilepsy: A case-control study. In Epilepsy Research, 169.
Aricó, M., Arigliani, E., Gianotti, F., Romani, M. (2020). ADHD and ADHD-related neural networks in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: A systematic review. Epilepsy Behav, 112.
Ashjazadeh, N., Sahraeian, A., Sabzgolin, I., Asadi-Pooya, A.A. (2019). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav, 101, 106543.
Auvin, S., Wirrell, E., Donald, K.A., Berl, M., Hartmann, H., Valente, K.D., et al. (2018). Systematic review of the screening, diagnosis, and management of ADHD in children with epilepsy. Consensus paper of the Task Force on Comorbidities of the ILAE Pediatric Commission. Epilepsy, 59 (10), 1867-1880.
Berg, A. T., Vickrey, B. G., Testa, F. M., Levy, S. R., Shinnar, S., & DiMario, F. (2007). Behavior and social competency in idiopathic and cryptogenic childhood epilepsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 49(7), 487–492.
Besag, F., Aldenkamp, A., Caplan, R., Dunn, D. W., Gobbi, G., & Sillanpää, M. (2016). Psychiatric and behavioural disorders in children with epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): When should pharmacotherapy for psychiatric/behavioural disorders in children with epilepsy be prescribed? Epileptic Disorders, 18(1), 77–86.
Binnie, C. D. (2003). Cognitive impairment during epileptiform discharges: Is it ever justifiable to treat the EEG? Lancet Neurology, 2(12), 725-730.
Brikell, I. (2018). ADHD, epilepsy, and related childhood psychopathology: understanding shared genetic risk, developmental trajectories, and pharmacological treatment safety.
Brikell, I. (2018). Course conclusion work (thesis) in Psychiatric. School of Medical Sciences Örebro University
Choudhary, A., Gulati, S., Sagar, R., Sankhyan, N., Sripada, K. (2018). Childhood epilepsy and ADHD comorbidity in an Indian tertiary medical center outpatient population. Sci Rep, 8, 2670.
Choudhary, A., Gulati1, S., Sagar, R., Sankhyan1, N., Sripada, K. (2018). Childhood epilepsy and ADHD comorbidity in an Indian tertiary medical center outpatient population. Scientific reports, 8, 2670.
Costa, C. R. C. M. da, Oliveira, G. de M., Gomes, M. da M., & Maia Filho, H. de S. (2015). Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of attention and ADHD comorbidity in a sample of children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 73(2), 96–103.
Danhofer, P., Pejčochová, J., Dušek, L., Rektor, I., Ošlejšková, H. (2018). The influence of EEG-detected nocturnal centrotemporal discharges on the expression of core symptoms of ADHD in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS): A prospective study in a tertiary referral center. Epilepsy Behav, 79, 75–81.
Davies, S., Heyman, I., & Goodman, R. (2007). A population survey of mental health problems in children with epilepsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 45(5), 292–295.
Duran, M. H. C., Guimarães, C. A., Montenegro, M. A., Neri, M. L., & Guerreiro, M. M. (2014). ADHD in idiopathic epilepsy. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 72(1), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20130193
Ekinci, O., Okuyaz, Ç., Gunes, S., Ekinci, N., Kalınl, M., Tan, M.E., Teke, H., Meltem Direk, Ç., Erdoğan, S. (2017). Sleep problems in pediatric epilepsy and ADHD: The impact of comorbidity. Epilepsy & Behav, 71, 7–12.
Glauser, T.A., Cnaan, A., Shinnar, S., et. al. (2013). Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy: Initial monotherapy outcomes at 12 months. Epilepsia, 54,141-155.
Hermann, B. P., Jones, J., Sheth, R., & Seidenberg, M. (2007). Cognitive and Magnetic Resonance Volumetric Abnormalities in New-Onset Pediatric Epilepsy. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 14(4), 173–180.
Hermann, B., Jones, J., Dabbs, K., Allen, C. A., Sheth, R., Fine, J., McMillan, A., & Seidenberg, M. (2007). The frequency, complications and aetiology of ADHD in new onset paediatric epilepsy. Brain, 130(12), 3135–3148.
Holmes, G. L., & Lenck-Santini, P. P. (2006). Role of interictal epileptiform abnormalities in cognitive impairment. Epilepsy Behav. Academic Press, 8(3), 504-515.
Hvolby A. (2015). Associations of sleep disturbance with ADHD: implications for treatment. Atten Defic Hyperact Disord, 7, 1.
Juliana, P., & Soler, R. (2018). Prevalencia de trastornos del sueño en una población de pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia. Dissertación de especialización en neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.
Junior, F.C.M.R., Pereira, G.J.A., Santos, H.R.O., Oliveira, R.M.R., Rodriguez, M.A.P., López, S.G. (2021). Trastornos del aprendizaje y epilepsia. Research, Society and Development. 10 (3).
P. Tirado Requero. (2018). Epilepsia en el adolescente. Adolescere, 6(1), 44–50.
Park, J., Choi, H. W., Yum, M. S., Ko, T. S., Shon, S. H., & Kim, H. W. (2018). Relationship between aggravation of seizures and methylphenidate treatment in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and epilepsy. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 28(8), 537–546.
Polanczyk, G.V., Salum, G.A., Sugaya, L.S., Caye, A.R. (2015). A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 56, 345-65.
Polanczyk, G.V., Willcutt, E.G., Salum, G.A., Kieling, C.R. (2014). ADHD prevalence estimates across three decades: an updated systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Int J Epidemiol, 43, 434–442.
Reims, S., Herbillon, V., Villeneuve, N., Auvin, S., Napuri, S., Cances, C., Berquin, P., Castelneau, P., Nguyen, T. T. S., Villega, F., Isnard, H., Nabbout, R., Gaillard, S., Mercier, C., Kassai, B., Arzimanoglou, A. (2016). ADHD in Pediatric Epilepsy: Fact or Fiction. Epilepsy Currents, 17(2), 93-99.
Reyes Tapia, S. E. (2019). Factores relacionados a trastornos del sueño en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de epilepsia que acuden al servicio de Neurología Pediátrica del Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín durante el período junio 2018 – dicembre 2018. Dissertación de especialización en pediatría, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
Ryvlin, P., Rheims, S., & Risse, G. (2006). Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 47 (2), 83-86.
Sadek J. (2019). ADHD Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents. Springer Nature.
Salpekar, J. (2018). Links between epilepsy and ADHD: Time to focus and act. Epilepsy Currents, 18(3), 160–161.
Salpekar, J.A., Mula, M. (2018). Common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy: How big of a problema is it? Epilepsy & Behav.
Sherman, E. M. S., Slick, D. J., Connolly, M. B., & Eyrl, K. L. (2007). ADHD, Neurological Correlates and Health-related Quality of Life in Severe Pediatric Epilepsy. Epilepsia, 48(6), 1083–1091.
Stores, G., Hart, J., & Piran, N. (1978). Inattentiveness in Schoolchildren with Epilepsy. Epilepsia, 19(2), 169–175.
Thomas, R., Sanders, S., Doust, J., Beller, E., Glasziou, P. (2015). Prevalence of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 135, 994-1001.
Tsai, F. J., Liu, S. T., Lee, C. M., Lee, W. T., Fan, P. C., Lin, W. S., Chiu, Y. N., & Gau, S. S. F. (2013). ADHD-related symptoms, emotional/behavioral problems, and physical conditions in Taiwanese children with epilepsy. Journal of the Formosan
Medical Association, 112(7), 396–405.
Venegas, V., María De Pablo, J., & Olbrich, C. (2020). Características clínicas del trastorno de déficit atencional e hiperactividad en epilepsia. Supl. II, 80, 58–62.
Vidaurre, J., & Twanow, J. D. E. (2017). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Cognitive Dysfunction in Pediatric Epilepsy. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 24(4), 282–291.
Vidaurre, M.D.J., Dawn, J., Twanow, M.D.E. (2017). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Cognitive Dysfunction in Pediatric Epilepsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol, 24, 282-291.
Wang, M., Zhao, Q., Kang, H., & Zhu, S. (2020). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 189(1), 305–313.
Wang, M., Zhao, Q., Kang, H., Zhu, S. (2019) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 1971.
Zhang, D.Q., Li, F.H., Zhu, X.B. (2014). Clinical observations on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with frontal lobe epilepsy. J Child Neurol, 29 (1), 54–57.