Approach to the overload of the main caregiver of patients with dementia from its prevalence, protection and risk factors
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Abstract
A high percentage of people with Alzheimer’s disease are cared for by a relative who acts as a non-professional caregiver. Caring for a person with dementia produces negative effects on the well-being of the caregiver, as a result of a high overload. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence, as well as the risk and protection factors, of the overload of non-professional caregivers of patients with dementia. For this, a systematic review of articles published in the Medline, Pubmed, PEDro, Scielo, and Dialnet databases published in the last 10 years was carried out. After analyzing 17 documents, the high prevalence of overload and burnout in non-professional caregivers of nurses with dementia is established. In addition, as patients’ dependency and inability to perform basic activities of daily living increase, so does the burden on caregivers. Among the factors linked to overload, the most notable are age, perceived state of health, educational and socioeconomic level, and the social and family support network. The findings are discussed, taking into account the need to develop multidisciplinary programs that increase resources for early detection of the disease and reduce the socio-sanitary and economic burden of dementia on caregivers and society as a whole.
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