Playfulness o ludicidad en los jóvenes y la resiliencia interpersonal e intrapersonal
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Existe un número creciente de estudios que examinan la ludicidad como un rasgo de personalidad en jóvenes y adultos. Sin embargo, en comparación con la infancia, la importancia y el rol del juego en la adultez aún no están del todo claros. Por otro lado, se busca encontrar fuentes de resiliencia en jóvenes y adultos. Por lo tanto, esta investigación se propone examinar la ludicidad en los jóvenes, investigar la resiliencia inter/intrapersonal y explorar la conexión entre la ludicidad y la resiliencia inter/ intrapersonal en este grupo. En la investigación participaron doscientos jóvenes de entre 19 y 29 años. Los resultados indican que los jóvenes obtuvieron una puntuación moderadamente alta en la escala de ludicidad (AS=99.39, máximo posible=133), con diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de la subescala de motivación para la diversión en relación con la situación financiera y el género. En cuanto a la resiliencia inter/intrapersonal, también existen diferencias significativas relacionadas con la situación financiera y el género. Finalmente, el estudio muestra una correlación significativa entre la ludicidad y la resiliencia inter/intrapersonal (p=.00, coeficiente de Pearson.410**). Nuestro estudio sugiere la necesidad de continuar investigando posibles formas de mejorar la ludicidad de los jóvenes para mejorar sus vidas y su bienestar.
Citas
Barnett, L. A. (2007). The Nature of Playfulness in Young Adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(4), 949–958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.02.018
Barnett, L. A. (2011). How do playful people play? Gendered and racial leisure perspectives, motives, and preferences of college students. Leisure Sciences, 33, 382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2011.606777
Barnett, L. A., & Klitzing, S. W. (2006). Boredom in free time: Relationships with personality, affect, and motivation for different gender, racial, and ethnic student groups. Leisure Sciences, 28, 223–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400600598053
Bonanno, G.A. (2008). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? Psychological
Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, S (l), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
Caldwell, L. L., & Witt, P. A. (2011). Leisure, recreation, and play from a developmental con-text. New Directions for Youth Development, 2011, 13-27. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.394
Chang, P.-J., Qian, X., & Yarnal, C. (2013). Using playfulness to cope with psychological stress: Taking into account both positive and negative emotions. International Journal of Play, 2(3), 273–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2013.855414
Clifford, C., Paulk, E., Lin, Q., Cadwallader, J., Lubbers, K., & Frazier, L. D. (2024). Relationships among adult playfulness, stress, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 43(9), 8403-8412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02870-0
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
Dew, J. (2007). Two Sides of the Same Coin? The Differing Roles of Assets and Consumer Debt in Marriage. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 28, 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-006-9051-6
Đorđić, D. (2019). Školska klima kao korelat rezilijentnosti učenika. (School climate as a correlate of student resilience). Doctoral Dissertation. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Department for Pedagogy. https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/12316
Farley, A., Kennedy-Behr, A., & Brown, T. (2021). An investigation into the relationship between playfulness and well-being in Australian adults: An exploratory study. Occupation, Participation and Health, 41(1), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/1539449220945311
Gallo, L. C., de los Monteros, K. E., & Shivpuri, S. (2009). Socioeconomic status and health: What is the role of reserve capacity? Current Directions in Psychological Science: 18(5), 269-274. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8721.2009.01650.x
Graziani, G., Kunkle, S., & Shih, E. (2022). Resilience in 2021—Descriptive Analysis of Individuals Accessing Virtual Mental Health Services: Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Formative Research, 6(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/34283
Guitard, P., Ferland, F., & Dutil, E. (2005). Toward a better understanding of playfulness in adults. Occupation, Participation and Health, 25, 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/153944920502500103
Hart, T., & Holmes, R. M. (2022). Exploring the connection between adult playfulness and emotional intelligence. Journal of Play in Adulthood, 4(1), 28-51.
Jefferis, P., Mc Garrigle, L. and, Ungar, M. (2019). The CYRM-R: A Rasch-Validated Revision of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 16(1): 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23761407.2018.1548403
Jovanović, D. (2020). Educational aspects of adult participation in playful activities. Facta Universitatis, 4(2), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.22190/FUTLTE2002101J
Lakey, B., & Orehek, E. (2011). Relational regulation theory: A new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health. Psychological Review, 118(3), 482–495. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023477
Lee, J. E., Sudom, K. A., & Zamorski, M. A. (2013). Longitudinal analysis of psychological resilience and mental health in Canadian military personnel returning from overseas deployment. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(3), 327–337. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033059
Lubbers, K., Cadwallader, J., Lin, Q., Clifford, C., & Frazier, L. D. (2023). Adult play and playfulness: A qualitative exploration of its meanings and importance. The Journal of Play in Adulthood, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.5920/jpa.1258
Magnuson, C. D., & Barnett, L. A. (2013). The playful advantage: How playfulness enhances coping with stress. Leisure Sciences, 35(2), 129–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2013.761905
McPherson M., Smith-Lovin L., Brashears M. E. (2006.). Social Isolation in America: Changes in Core Discussion Networks over Two Decades. American Sociological Review 71, 353–75. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/000312240607100301
Moore, B., & Woodcock, S. (2017). Resilience, bullying, and mental health: Factors associated with improved outcomes. Psychology in the Schools, 54(7), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22028
Oncescu, A., & Neufeld, C. (2019). Low-income families and the positive outcomes associated with participation in a community-based leisure education program. Annals of Leisure Research, 22(5), 661-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2019.1624586
Proyer, R. T. (2011). Being playful and smart? The relations of adult playfulness with psychometric and self-estimated intelligence and academic performance. Learning and Individual Differences, 21, 463–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2011.02.003
Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Bertenshaw, E. J., & Brauer, K. (2018). The positive relationships of playfulness with indicators of health, activity, and physical fitness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1440.
Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Brauer, K., & Chick, G. (2020). Can Playfulness be Stimulated? A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Online Playfulness Intervention Study on Effects on Trait Playfulness, Well-Being, and Depression. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12220
Proyer, R. T., & Ruch, W. (2011). The virtuousness of adult playfulness: The relation of playful-ness with strengths of character. Psychology of Well-Being: Theory, Research and Practice, 1,1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2211-1522-1-4
Proyer, R., T. (2014). A Psycho-Linguistic Approach for Studying Adult Playfulness: A Replication and Extension toward Relations with Humor. The Journal of Psychology 148, 717–735. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/00223980.2013.826165
Qian, X. L., & Yarnal, C. (2011). The role of playfulness in the leisure stress-coping process among emerging adults: An SEM analysis. Leisure/Loisir, 35, 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2011.578398
Shen, X., Chick, G. and, Zinn, H. (2014). Playfulness in adulthood as a personality trait: A reconceptualization and a new measurement. Journal of Leasure Research, 46(1), 58-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950313
Staempfi, M. B. (2007). Adolescent playfulness, stress perception, coping, and well-being. Journal of Leisure Research, 39(3), 393–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2007.11950114
Strurgeon, J. A., & Zautra, A. J. (2010). Resilience: A new paradigm for adaptation to chronicpain, Current Pain Headache Report, 14, 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11916-010-0095-9
Tamres, L. & Janicki, D. & Helgeson, V. (2002). Sex Differences in Coping Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review and an Examination of Relative Coping. Personality and Social Psychology Review 6, 2-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0601_1
Waller, M. A. (2001). Resilience in ecosystemic context: Evolution of the concept. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71(3), 290–297. https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.71.3.290
Windle, G. (2011). What is resilience? A review and concept analysis. Reviews in Clinical Geron-tology, 21, 152–169. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1017/S0959259810000420
Yarnal, C. M., Chick, G., & Dattilo, J. (2006). More false dichotomies: Play, leisure, environmental enrichment, and important science questions. Leisure Sciences, 28, 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400600851353