Vinculación entre el comportamiento de las redes sociales y los estilos de liderazgo en sus integrantes: desde el enfoque de liderazgo transformacional
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Resumo
Este estudio analizó la relación entre el comportamiento en redes sociales y el desarrollo de capacidades de liderazgo en estudiantes universitarios, utilizando el Sistema de Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) como herramienta principal. Se aplicaron 156 cuestionarios a 13 estudiantes de cuarto año de Administración y Generación de Empresas, midiendo 10 dimensiones de liderazgo (basadas en el modelo de Bass y Avolio) en 12 instrumentos. Se utilizó un enfoque de aprendizaje contextualizado (líder/grupo/contexto). Se emplearon los programas Pajek y Gephi para el análisis descriptivo de redes, identificando estilos de liderazgo (transformacional, transaccional y laissez-faire) de manera independiente y simultánea. Se calcularon, asimismo, correlaciones de Pearson y se utilizó el test QAP para el análisis estadístico. Los resultados claves muestran que el liderazgo en redes sociales es dinámico y se ve afectado por distintas interacciones. En ello, los estilos de liderazgo efectivos (como por ejemplo el liderazgo transformacional) pueden moldear las redes. Se encontró una alta correlación entre la influencia idealizada (atribuida y observada) y una relación entre estímulo intelectual y motivación inspiracional. El estudio contribuye al conocimiento sobre el liderazgo transformacional en la educación superior, específicamente en el aula, y ofrece perspectivas para la formación de líderes universitarios en una economía globalizada.
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