El efecto de la evaluación cognitiva en la salud mental de los docentes: un análisis multigrupo
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La docencia es una actividad exigente y el estrés laboral se ha considerado un problema de salud relevante relacionado con la salud mental del docente. Este estudio buscó analizar las relaciones específicas entre la valoración cognitiva y la angustia psicológica, y si esa relación estaba moderada por el género. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 402 profesores de educación básica y secundaria. El protocolo de evaluación incluyó un Cuestionario Demográfico, la Escala de Valoración Cognitiva Primaria y Secundaria y el Cuestionario de Salud General-12. Se realizó un modelado de ecuaciones estructurales con análisis multigrupo para probar la hipótesis. Los casos clínicos de malestar psicológico en los profesores fueron prevalentes (87%). Los profesores varones asumieron un perfil psicológico significativamente peor, mostrando más síntomas clínicos de ansiedad / depresión que las profesoras. Se encontraron efectos principales significativos para el género en la percepción del desafío y el potencial de afrontamiento, ya que los hombres asumieron más potencial de afrontamiento y las mujeres asumieron una mayor percepción del desafío. La percepción de amenazas fue el predictor más fuerte de la salud mental de los profesores. La percepción de la amenaza y la angustia psicológica fue más fuerte en los hombres, y la percepción de desafío predijo angustia psicológica solo en los varones. Las organizaciones laborales deben implementar estrategias ocupacionales que promuevan una valoración cognitiva más positiva del trabajo.
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