Uso problemático de redes sociales e inteligencia emocional en adolescentes: análisis de las diferencias por género
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El uso excesivo de redes sociales puede afectar el bienestar de los adolescentes. Investigaciones recientes encuentran relaciones significativas entre el uso problemático de las redes sociales (UPRS) y el desajuste psicológico. Este estudio propone analizar las diferencias por género en el porcentaje de riesgo alto de UPRS e indagar las relaciones con la inteligencia emocional (IE) en adolescentes. Participaron 597 adolescentes (58,8 % chicas, 45,2 % chicos), de 12 a 19 años. Los participantes completaron cuestionarios de IE (WLEIS) y de UPRS (BSMAS). Los resultados indican que las chicas tienen un porcentaje superior de UPRS (17,7 %) que los chicos (13,4 %). Adicionalmente, se observó que los chicos puntuaron significativamente más alto en las dimensiones de percepción intrapersonal, regulación emocional e IE global, mientras que las chicas tuvieron una percepción interpersonal más alta. Sin embargo, el análisis de correlaciones por género indicó que solo para las chicas las dimensiones de percepción intrapersonal, asimilación, regulación emocional e IE tuvo una correlación negativa y significativa con el UPRS. Los resultados sugieren que el porcentaje de alto riesgo de UPRS más elevado en las chicas podría relacionarse con los niveles más bajos en percepción intrapersonal, regulación emocional e IE global, lo que apunta a la necesidad de diseñar estrategias de prevención que atiendan a dichas diferencias de género.
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