Profiles of Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts and differences in the vividness of mental images
Profiles of Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts and differences in the vividness of mental images
Main Article Content
Abstract
Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts (PAT) are a personality trait of a maladaptive character. These are known as those thoughts that tend to establish concerns about always maintaining a perfect situation, which triggers high demands and excessive efforts. Hence, its link with anxiety and stress. However, scientific research opts for interventions through mental images that increase well-being in people with high stress, as well as other psychopathological disorders, which raises questions about whether this type of intervention could be adequate to reduce PAT. The objective of this study was to observe if there are different profiles with PAT in university students, as well as if there are statistically significant, differences with the degree of vividness of mental images in a sample of 419 Spanish students (Mage = 21.7; SD = 5.13). For this, the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory was administered as well as the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Version-12. The results confirm profiles of low, moderate and high intensity. In addition, statistically significant differences were observed between groups with low and high PAT, as well as low and moderate PAT in terms of spatial images in motion and the creative ability of images. The findings of this study reveal and advance in the knowledge of PATs.
References
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Cognitions Inventory: profiles of automatic perfectionism thoughts and their associations
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10.1989/ejhpe.v7il.192
Vicent, M., Inglés, C.J., Sanmartín, R., Gonzálvez, C., y García-Fernández, J.M. (2018). Agression
profiles in the Spanish child population: differences in perfectionism, school refusal and
affect. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 12, 1-12. doi. 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00012
Vicent, M., Inglés, C.J., Gonzálvez, C., Sanmartín, R., Aparicio-Flores, M.P., y García-Fernández,
J.M. (2019). Perfectionism profiles and academic causal self-attributions in Spanish primary
education students. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 12, 35-68.
doi:10.1016/j.psicoe.2019.02.002
Wimberley, T.E., y Stasio, M.J. (2013). Perfectionist thoughts, personal standards, and evaluative
concerns: further investigating relationships to psychologival distress. Cognitive Therapy
and Research, 37, 277-283. doi: 10.1007/s10608-012-9462-7
Werner-Seidler, A., y Moulds, M.L. (2012). Mood repair and processing mode in depression.
Emotion, 12(3), 470-478. doi: 10.1037/a0025984
Xie, Y., Kong, Y., Yang, J., y Chen, F. (2019). Perfectionism, worry, rumination, and distress: a
meta-analysis of the evidence for the perfectionism cognition theory. Personality and
Individual Differences, 139, 301-312. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.028
Zarza-Alzugaray, F.J., Casanova-López, O., y Robles-Rubio, J.E. (2016). Relación entre ansiedad
escénica, perfeccionismo y calificaciones en estudiantes del Título Superior de Música.
ReiDoCrea, 5, 16-21.
psicométricas del Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ-RV-12) en España.
Manuscrito inédito, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Alicante, España.
Baas, M., De Dreu, C.K.W., y Nijstad, B.A. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood- creativity
research: hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychological Bulletin, 134(6),
779-806. doi: 10.1037/a0012815
Baas, M., Nevicka, B., y Ten-Velden, F.S. (2014). Specific Mindfulness skills differentially predict
creative performance. Personality and Social Psychology, 40(9), 1092-1106. doi:
10.1177/014616721435813
Beato, M.S., Díez, E., Pinho, M.S., y Rodrigues-Simões, M. (2006). Adaptación al castellano del
cuestionario de Viveza de Imágenes Visuales-versión revisada (VVIQRV). Psicothema,
18(4), 711-716.
Bebersdorf, D.Q. (2019). Neuropsychopharmacological regulation of performance on creativityrelated tasks. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 27, 55-63. doi:
10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.09.010
Benedek, M., y Fink, A. (2018). Toward a neurocognitive framework of creative cognition: the role
of memory, attention, and cognitive control. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 27,
116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha2018.11.002
Cohen, J. (1998). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Di-Simplicio, M., Renner, F., Blackwell, S.E., Mitchell, H., Stratford, H., Watson, P., … Holmes,
E.A. (2016). An investigation of mental imagery in bipolar disorder: Exploring “the
mind’s eye”. Bipolar Disorders, 18(8), 669-683. doi:10.1111/bdi.12453
Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tathan, R.C., y Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.).
Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice-Hall.
Esteve-Faubel, J.M., Aparicio-Flores, M.P., Vicent, M., Gonzálvez, C., Sanmartín, R., y
García- Fernández, J.M. (en prensa). Validation of Spanish version of the Perfectionism
Cognitions Inventory: profiles of automatic perfectionism thoughts and their associations
with social anxiety. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice.
doi:10.1037/pro0000290
Flett, G.L., Hewitt, P.L., Blankstein, K.R., y Gray, L. (1998). Psychological distress and the
frequency of perfectionistic thinking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
75(5), 1363-1381. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1363
Flett, G.L., Nepon, T., y Hewitt, P.L. (2016). Perfectionism, worry, and rumination in health and
mental health: a review and a conceptual framework for a cognitive theory of
perfectionism. En F. Sirois y D. Molnar (eds.), Perfectionism, Health, and Well-Being
(pp.121-155). New York: SpringerCham.
Flett, G.L., Nepon, T., Hewitt, P.L., y Fitzgerald, K. (2016). Perfectionism, components of stress
reactivity, and depressive symptoms. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment, 38(4), 645-654. doi:10.1007/s10862-016-9554-x
Flett, G.L., Madorsky, D., Hewitt, P.L., y Heisel, M.J. (2002). Perfectionism cognitions, rumination,
and psychological distress. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive- Behavior
Therapy, 20(1), 33-47. doi:10.1023/a:1015128904007
Flett, G.L., Molnar, D.S., Nepon, T., y Hewitt, P.L. (2012). A mediational model of perfectionistic
automatic thoughts and psychosomatic symptoms: The roles of negative affect and daily
hassles. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(5), 565-570.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.09.010
Ji, J.L., Holmes, E.A., y Blackwell, S.E. (2017). Seeing light at the end of the tunnel: Positive
prospective mental imagery and optimism in depression. Psychiatry Research, 247, 155-
162. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.025
Khasky, A.D., y Smith, J.C. (1999). Stress, relaxation states, and creativity. Perceptual and Motor
Skills, 88, 409-416.
Mackinnon, S.P., Sherry, S.B., y Pratt, M.W. (2013). The relationship between perfectionism,
agency, and communion: a longitudinal mixed methods analysis. Journal of Research in
Personality, 47, 263-271. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.02.007
Marks, D.F. (1973). Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures. British Journal of
Psychology, 64, 17-24.
Martha-Durán, M. (2010). Bienestar psicológico: el estrés y la calidad de vida en el contexto laboral.
Revista Nacional de Administración, 1(1), 71-84.
Morrison, P., Nishimoto, P.W., Kim, J.B., Medina-Dupaix, C., y O’Carrol’l-Bantum, E. (2019).
Perceived impact of participation in a one-time expressive arts workshop. Military
Medicine, 184(5-6), 242-247. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy240
Rodríguez-Campayo, M.A., Rojo-Moreno, L., Ortega-Toro, E., y Sepúlveda, A.R. (2009).
Adaptación de la escala multidimensional de perfeccionismo a estudiantes universitarios
españoles. Ansiedad y Estrés, 15(1), 13-27.
Sastre-Riba, S. (2012). Alta capacidad intelectual: perfeccionismo y regulación metacognitiva.
Revista de Neurología, 54(1), 521-529.
Vicent, M., Inglés, C.J., Sanmartín, R., Gonzálvez, C., Granados-Alós, L., y García-Fernández, J.M.
(2017). Perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito y afectividad en población infantil española.
European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 7(1), 17-29. doi:
10.1989/ejhpe.v7il.192
Vicent, M., Inglés, C.J., Sanmartín, R., Gonzálvez, C., y García-Fernández, J.M. (2018). Agression
profiles in the Spanish child population: differences in perfectionism, school refusal and
affect. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 12, 1-12. doi. 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00012
Vicent, M., Inglés, C.J., Gonzálvez, C., Sanmartín, R., Aparicio-Flores, M.P., y García-Fernández,
J.M. (2019). Perfectionism profiles and academic causal self-attributions in Spanish primary
education students. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 12, 35-68.
doi:10.1016/j.psicoe.2019.02.002
Wimberley, T.E., y Stasio, M.J. (2013). Perfectionist thoughts, personal standards, and evaluative
concerns: further investigating relationships to psychologival distress. Cognitive Therapy
and Research, 37, 277-283. doi: 10.1007/s10608-012-9462-7
Werner-Seidler, A., y Moulds, M.L. (2012). Mood repair and processing mode in depression.
Emotion, 12(3), 470-478. doi: 10.1037/a0025984
Xie, Y., Kong, Y., Yang, J., y Chen, F. (2019). Perfectionism, worry, rumination, and distress: a
meta-analysis of the evidence for the perfectionism cognition theory. Personality and
Individual Differences, 139, 301-312. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.028
Zarza-Alzugaray, F.J., Casanova-López, O., y Robles-Rubio, J.E. (2016). Relación entre ansiedad
escénica, perfeccionismo y calificaciones en estudiantes del Título Superior de Música.
ReiDoCrea, 5, 16-21.