Morphological Characteristics of Prostate in Mammals
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
The prostate gland is present in all male mammals and its ejaculate secretion plays a direct role in female reproductive success. Despite the importance of their function, morphology and chemical nature of their secretion in non-human mammals is not described in detail in scientific literature. To better define the morphological description of this gland, quantitative methods such as stereology have allowed identification for instance, of the number and percentage of glandular cells. These analyses however, have only been described in some animals. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss what is known about the anatomical, histological, histochemical and stereological characteristics of mammalian prostate to provide information that could be useful in the field of production and yields of breeding animals for consumption, and to improve reproductive management in laboratory animals used as models in research.
Citas
Akosman, M. S.; Özdemir, V.; Demirel, H. H. & Andersen, J. B. Unbiased estimate of the epithelial cell number and epithelial cell nuclear volume in the bulbourethral (Cowper) glands of Holstein bulls - a stereological study. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 19(1):13-8, 2013.
Babinski, M.; Chagas, M.; Costa, W. & Pereira, M. Morfología y fracción del área del lumen glandular de la zona de transición en la próstata humana. Rev. Chil. Anat., 20(3):255-62, 2002.
Barone, R.; Pavaux, C; Blin, C. P. & Cup, P. Atlas d`anatomie du lapin. Paris, Masson Masson et Cie, 1973.
Benjamin, J.; Belt, E. & Krichesky, B. Total prostatectomy in the rabbit and intraocular transplantation of prostatic tissue: anatomic-surgical procedure. J. Urol., 44:109-15, 1941.
Bern, H. A. & Krichesky, B. Anatomic and histologic studies of the sex accessories of the male rabbit. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1943. pp.175-96.
Cepeda, R.; Adaro, L.; Peñailillo, P. & Orostegui, C. Variaciones morfológicas estacionales de las glándulas bulbouretrales de la chinchilla (Chinchilla lanier, GREY), en cautiverio. Rev. Chil. Anat., 17(1):59-66, 1999.
Cepeda, C. R.; Adaro, A. L. & Peñailillo, G. P. Variaciones morfométricas de la próstata de Chinchilla laniger (Molina, 1982) y de la concentración de testosterona plasmática durante un ciclo reproductivo anual. Int. J. Morphol., 24(1):89-97, 2006.
Cooper, G. & Schiller, A. L. Anatomy of the Guinea pig. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1975. p.417. Davies, D. V. & Mann, T. Functional development of accessory glands and spermatogenesis. Nature, 160(4061):295, 1947.
Eissa, H. M. A. Seasonal biological activity of the accessory genital glands of buffalo-bulls. Thesis, Fac. Vet. Med., Cairo, 1980.
Elchlepp, J. C. The urogenital organs of the cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus). J. Morphol., 91(1):169-98, 1952.
Fahmy, M. F. A. & Osman, A. M. H. Certain morphological investigations on the male genital organs of water buffalo as a guide for andrological diagnosis. IV. Accessory glands. J. Vet. Sci., 9:57- 65, 1972.
Gartner, L. P. & Hiatt, J. L. Texto atlas de histología. 2a ed. México, McGraw-Hill, 2002. pp.478-80. Geneser, F. Histología com bases biomoleculares. 3a ed. Rio de Janeiro, McGraw-Hill, 2003. pp.520-2.
Holtz, W. & Foote, R. H. The anatomy of the reproductive system in male Dutch rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with special emphasis on the accessory sex glands. J. Morphol., 158(1):1- 20, 1978.
Kainer, R. A.; Faulkner, L. C. & Abdel-Raouf, M. Glands associated with the urethra of the bull. Am. J. Vet. Res., 30(6):963-74, 1969.
Krahmer, R.; Schröder, L.; Michel, G. & Gutte, G. Anatomía de los animales domésticos. 2a ed. Zaragoza, Acribia, 1979. p.214.
Leydolph, W. Histologische Untersuchungen an den akzessorischen Geschlechtsdrüsen des Kaninchens, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Einwirkung der Kastration. Z. mikr-anat. Forschung, 19:285-337, 1930.
Machado, P. L. C. Los cerdos. 6a ed. Montevideo, Hemisferio Sur, 1987. pp.146-7.
Mann, T. Secretory function of the prostate, seminal vesicle and other male accessory organs of reproduction. J. Reprod. Fertil., 37(1):179-88, 1974.
Martinelli, P. M.; Nogueira, J. C. & Campos, P. A. Morfologia e histoquímica de glicogênio e mucossubstâncias na próstata e glândulas bulbouretrais de Marnosa cinera Temminck, 1824
(Marsupialia-Didelphidea). Rev. Bras. Cien. Morfol., 7/8(2/1):3-12, 1990/1991.
Martín, R.; Martín, P. & Gonzáles, J. Atlas de anatomía de animales exóticos. Barcelona, Elsevier, 2004.
Mollineau, W.; Adogwa, A.; Jasper, N.; Young, K. & Garcia, G. The gross anatomy of the male reproductive system of a neotropical rodent: The agouti (Dasyprocta leporina). Anat. Histol. Embryol., 35(1):47-52, 2006.
Moussa, M. H.; Badawy, A. B.; Kandil, M. H. & Shahin, Y. M. Histological and histochemical studies of the accesory genital glands of buffalo-bull (Bubalis bubalis). Anat. Anz., 153(5):429-39, 1983.
Murakoshi, M.; Tagawa, M.; Inada, R. & Suzuki, M. Effects of testosterone, and testosterone plus estrogen, in the castrated rat ventral prostate histopathological and immunocytochemical studies. Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med., 17(3-4):133-7. 1992.
Nishino, T.; Wedel, T.; Schmitt, O.; Biihlmeyer, K.; Schönfelder, M.; Hirtreiter, C.; Schulz, T.; Kiihnel, W. & Michna, H. Androgen-dependent morphology of prostates and seminal vesicles in the Hershberger Assay: Evaluation of immunohistochemical and morphometric parameters. Ann. Anat., 186(3):247-53, 2004.
Nogueira, J. C.; Campos, P. A. & Ribeiro, M.G. Histology, glycogen and mucosubstances histochemistry of the bulbo-urethral glands of the Philader opossum (Linnaeus, 1758). Anat. Anz., 156(4):321-8, 1984.
Oróstegui, C.; Parraguez, V.; Adaro, L.; Peñailillo, P. & Cepeda; R. Cambios histológicos y morfométricos de las vesículas seminales, inducidos por variaciones estacionales, en la Chinchilla laniger (GREY) en cautiverio. Rev. Chil. Anat., 18(1):89-96, 2000.
Oróstegui, C.; Cepeda, R.; Urquieta, B. & Parraguez, V. H. Ciclo reproductivo de la Chinchilla laniger (GREY) macho, en cautiverio. Rev. Chil. Anat., 14:225-30, 1996.
Oudemans, J. T. Die accessorischen Geschlechtsdrüsen der Säugetiere, Haarlem, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Wetensch., 1892.
Pelletier, G. Effects of estradiol on prostate epithelial cells in the castrated rat. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 50(11):1517-23, 2002.
Queen, K.; Dhabuwala, C. B. & Pierrepoint, C. G. The effect of the removal of the various accessory sex glands on the fertility of male rats. J. Reprod. Fertil., 62(2):423-6, 1981.
Rauther, M. Über den Genitalapparat einiger Nager und Insektivoren, insbesondere die akzessorischen Genitaldrüsen derselben. Jen. Z. Naturwissensch., 38:377-472, 1904.
Schilling, P. Temas seleccionados sobre medicina de animales de laboratorio. El cobayo. Centro panamericano de fiebre aftosa. Serie de monografías científicas y técnicas Nº 13, Rio de Janeriro, Brasil, 1984.
Stilling, H. Ueber die Cowper`schen Drüsen. Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin. Med., 100(1):170-6, 1885.
Tambrallo, L. J. & Fish, R. E. Guinea pigs: biology and use in research. Laboratory animal medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9023. Seattle, University of Washington, Health sciences center for educational resources, 2000.
Vanha-Perttula, T.; Rönkkö, S. & Lahtinen, R. Hydrolases from bovine seminal vesicle, prostate and Cowper`s gland. Andrologia, 22(Suppl. 1):10-24, 1990.
Vásquez, B. & del Sol, M. Complejo prostático en el conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Rev. Chil. Anat., 20(2):175-80, 2002.
Vásquez, B. Aspectos mesoscópicos, histológicos y estereológicos de las glándulas anexas del aparato genital del conejo macho (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Tesis de Magíster, Temuco, Chile, Universidad de La Frontera, 2005.
Vásquez, B. & del Sol, M. Estereología comparativa entre las glándulas del complejo prostático del conejo Oryctolagus cunniculus. Int. J. Morphol., 27(1):205- 10, 2009.
Vásquez, B. & del Sol, M. Estudio morfológico de la próstata y glándulas vesiculares de Cobayo (Cavia porcellus). Int. J. Morphol., 28(4):1301-7, 2010.